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What does the term "carcinogenic" refer to?

  1. Can induce defect formation

  2. Can induce the growth of malignant tumours

  3. Able to cause structural damage

  4. Causes environmental contamination

The correct answer is: Can induce the growth of malignant tumours

The term "carcinogenic" refers to substances or agents that are capable of inducing the growth of malignant tumors. This means they can cause normal cells to undergo changes that lead to cancer development. Understanding carcinogenic agents is crucial in occupational health and safety, as exposure to these substances can significantly increase the risk of cancer. The other choices do not accurately capture the definition of carcinogenic. While some agents may cause defects or structural damage, or lead to environmental contamination, these effects are not specifically related to cancer development. Carcinogenicity is specifically tied to the ability to promote tumor formation, highlighting the importance of recognizing and mitigating exposure to such agents to protect health.